传统文化题材翻译专题训练 | 第66期 The People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
The People's Republic of China (PRC) (zhōng huá rén mín gong hé guó 中华人民共和国) commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the most populous in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately one-fifth of the world's population. It is a socialist republic (specifically a people's democratic dictatorship according to its constitution) ruled by the Communist Party of China (zhōng guó gòng chǎn dǎng 中国共产党) under a single-party system, and has jurisdiction over twenty-two provinces, five autonomous regions, which are Xinjiang (xīn jiāng 新疆), Inner Mongolia (nèi měng gǔ 内蒙古), Tibet (xī zàng 西藏), Ningxia (níng xià 宁夏), and Guangxi (guǎng xī 广西); four municipalities, which are Beijing (běi jīng 北京), Tianjin (tiān jīn 天津), Shanghai (shàng hǎi 上海), and Chongqing (chóng qìng 重庆); and two highly autonomous Special Administrative Regions (tè bié xíng zhèng qū 特别行政区), which are Hong Kong (xiāng gǎng 香港) and Macau (ào mén 澳门).
Founding Ceremony of the People's Republic of China
During the early years of People’s Republic of China, she take part in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea (kàng měi yuán cháo 抗美援朝) and then there came the land reform (tǔ dì gǎi gé 土地改革), which has consolidated the power of people’s democratic dictatorship and revive the national economy.
National Flag and National EmblemFrom 1953, China has set up to carry out the socialist industrialization and three major transformations, i.e., those in agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce; and gradually transformed from New Democracy to Socialism. By 1956, China has fundamentally set up socialist system, and entered into the era of the primary stage of socialism.
China has made a great progress in socialist construction and laid a solid material foundation for the modernization drive. However, there were mistakes of impetuosity and premature advance, such as the Great Leap Forward (dà yuè jìn 大跃进), the movement to establish people's communes (rén mín gōng shè huà yùn dòng 人民公社化运动), and even made a serious overall mistake which is Cultural Revolution (wén huà dà gé mìng).
After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee (shí yī jiè sān zhōng quán huì 十一届三中全会), China has entered into a new era by carrying out opening up and reform, which is a great turning point in history. The Communist Party in China has determined the way of developing which is building socialism with Chinese characteristics, with Deng Xiaoping Theory (dèng xiǎo píng lǐ lùn 邓小平理论) as the fundamental guarantee.
New look of the rural area in ChinaSince the market-based economic reforms in 1978, China has become one of the world's fastest growing economies and the world's second largest exporter and the third largest importer of goods. Rapid industrialization has reduced its poverty rate from 53% in 1981 to 8% in 2001.
New look of urban area in China after the reform and opening upWith its development, China has been of great importance in the world today, which is reflected through its role as the world's third largest economy nominally (or second largest by PPP) and a permanent member of the UN Security Council as well as being a member of several other multilateral organizations including the WTO, APEC, East Asia Summit, and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In addition, it is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army with the second largest defense budget.
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